SBI4U Course Outline

Units	Hours
Unit One: Biochemistry Students will research technological applications that alter biological processes and cellular activities in the food, pharmaceutical, and medical industries. They'll look into how molecules and their chemical qualities affect cellular and biological activities. Students will be able to explain the structural and functional roles that compounds play in the cells of all living things.	20 hours
Unit Two: Metabolic Processes The chemical changes and energy transformations that occur in metabolic processes will be investigated by the students. They'll show how a basic grasp of metabolic processes can help people make better decisions about a variety of personal, societal, and environmental challenges.	20 hours
Unit Three: Molecular Genetics Students will show that they comprehend that DNA holds all of a living organism's genetic information. They'll look at how proteins regulate a wide range of cellular activities. The social, legal, and ethical ramifications of genetic research and biotechnology will be assessed by students.	20 hours
Unit Four: Homeostasis Students will exhibit an awareness of the stringent constraints that organisms can accept in terms of internal circumstances. They'll look into how organ systems that maintain homeostasis use feedback mechanisms to keep things in check. Students will also investigate the influences of the environment on homeostasis.	20 hours
Unit Five: Population Dynamics Students will be able to explain why population growth follows regular patterns. They'll look into how growing resource use and waste production are linked to population growth and result in unique stressors that threaten Earth's long-term viability. Students will evaluate technological advancements that can contribute to or help mitigate the environmental footprint associated with population expansion and natural resource consumption.	21 hours
RST and Final Exam
Final Exam 30% This is a proctored exam worth 30% of your final grade.	3 hours
RST This is a proctored assessment worth 30% of your final grade.	6 hours
Total Hours	110 hours

Resources required by the student:

Note: This course is entirely online and does not require or rely on any textbook.

• Laptop and/or personal computer (preferably with Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox as a web browser)
• Access to video recording and handwritten work scanning (mobile phone, tablet, iPad, webcams)
• Stable internet connection
• Downloaded highschool biology which contains interactive biology labs for students. After completing the labs, the students will be able to demonstrate how metabolic processes, cellular and biological activities, DNA replication and sequencing, translation, transcription and gene synthesis occur.

Resources provided by Kanata Academy

• Access to Google Suites or Microsoft Education for word processing software and presentation software. (The school will distribute accounts to students).
• Supplemental Ebook materials for biology
• Supplemental Ebook materials for biology
• Access to Gizmo and Labster for their virtual laboratory simulations
• Video lessons, interactive Pear Deck Lessons and quizlet

SBI4U - Biology,
Grade 12, University Preparation

Scientific Investigation Skills and Career Exploration	Biochemistry	Metabolic Processes
Overall Expectations: By the end of this course. students will: demonstrate scientific investigation skills (related to both inquiry and research) in the four areas of skills (initiating and planning, performing and recording, analysing and interpreting, and communicating); identify and describe careers related to the field of scieence under study, and describe contribbutions of scientists, including Canadians, to those fields.	Overall Expectations: By the end of this course students will: analyse technological applications of enzymes in some industrial processes, and evaluate technological advance in the field of cellular biology; investigate the chemical structures, functions, and chemical properties of biological molecules involved in some common cellular processes and biochemical reactions; demonstrate an understanding of the structures and functions of biological molecules, and the biochemical reactions required to maintain normal cellular function.	Overall Expectations: By the end of this course students will: analyse the role of metabolic processes in the functioning of biotic and abiotic system, and evaluate the importance of an understanding of these processes and releated technologies to personal choices made in everyday life; investigate the products of metabolic processes such as cellular respiration and photosynthesis; demonstrate an understanding of the chemical changes and energy conversions that occur in metabolic processes.
Molecular genetics	Homeostasis	Population Dynamics
Overall Expectations: By the end of this course students will: analyse some of the social,ethical, and legal issues associated with genetic research and biotechnology; investigate, through laboratory activities, the structures of cell components and their roles in processes that occur within the cell; demonstrate an understanding of concepts related to molecular genetics, and how genetic modification is applied in industry and agriculture.	Overall Expectations: By the end of this course students will: evaluate the impact on the human body of selected chemical substances and of environmental factors related to human activity; investigate the feedback mechanisms that maintaain homeostasis in living organisms; demonstrate an understanding of the anatomy and physiology of human body system an explain the mechanisms that enable the body to maintain homeostasis.	Overall Expectations: By the end of this course students will: analyse the relationships between population growth, personal consumption, technological development, and our ecological footprint, and assess the effectiveness of some Canadian initiatives intended to assist expanding populations; investigate the characteristics of population growth, and use models to calculate the growth of population within an ecosystem; demonstrate an understanding of concepts related to popuation growth, and explain the factors that affect the growth of various populations of species.

STRATEGIES FOR ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION OF STUDENT PERFORMANCE:

There are three forms of assessment that will be used throughout this course:

Assessment for Learning: Assessment for learning will directly influence student learning by reinforcing the connections between assessment and instruction, and provide ongoing feedback to the student. Assessment for learning occurs as part of the daily teaching process and helps teachers form a clear picture of the needs of the students because students are encouraged to be more active in their learning and associated assessment. Teachers gather this information to shape their teaching environment.
Assessment for learning is:

• Ongoing
• Is tied to learning outcomes
• Provides information that structures the teachers’ planning and instruction
• Allows teachers to provide immediate and descriptive feedback that will guide student learning

The purpose of assessment for learning is to create self-regulated and lifelong learners.

Assessment as Learning:
Assessment as learning is the use of a task or an activity to allow students the opportunity to use assessment to further their own learning. Self and peer assessments allow students to reflect on their own learning and identify areas of strength and need. These tasks offer students the chance to set their own personal goals and advocate for their own learning.

The purpose of assessment as learning is to enable students to monitor their own progress towards achieving their learning goals.

Assessment of Learning: Assessment of learning will occur at or near the end of a period of learning; this summary is used to make judgements about the quality of student learning using established criteria, to assign a value to represent that quality and to communicate information about achievement to students and parents.

Evidence of student achievement for evaluation is collected over time from three different sources - observations, conversations, and student products. Using multiple sources of evidence will increase the reliability and validity of the evaluation of student learning.

Teaching & Learning Strategies

This course's main goal is to assist students in learning science and applying their knowledge and skills. Language is used effectively, confidently, and flexibly by course writers.

• Effective instructional strategies and learning activities build on students' prior knowledge, stimulate their attention, and provide opportunities for meaningful practice. Students will be more interested if they can understand the link between the scientific concepts they are studying and how they are used in the world around them and in real-life situations.
• Teachers will design activities and challenges that actively involve students in investigations that respect the ideas and talents they bring to the table while also improving their conceptual understandings and vital abilities. Students will be able to employ scientific reasoning throughout their life if they understand huge ideas.
• Contextualized teaching and learning also gives teachers valuable insights into their students' thinking, conceptual grasp, and ability to reflect on their work. This knowledge enables teachers to provide assistance to students in order to improve their learning. To meet a diversity of learning styles, interests, and skill levels, a number of instructional tactics are employed to give learning opportunities..
• Incorporating interactive tools and recorded video discussion that help students stay focused and engaged in the class. Additionally, it aids students in mastering the biology concept.
• Virtual laboratories, simulations, and journal papers have all been used. Virtual laboratories, such as gizmos and labster, are one of the most effective ways to connect students to the actual world. Because of the dangers and limited face-to-face connection, students are able to undertake numerous experiments that are difficult to perform in traditional laboratories
• Virtual clues can easily supplement auditory information, allowing students to better engage with ideas.
• The multi-sensory experiences improve their understanding and memorization skills. Drawings, diagrams, and image analysis are used to aid theory, as well as laying up instances to demonstrate its application side.
• The sequence of lab procedures can be better taught using pictures with words.
• Scaffolding on their laboratory activities and unit projects provide the students support level along the process of learning given by the teacher. Teacher feedback at each level enables students to improve both style and content in their written pieces.
• Students who are not challenged are both recipes for a lack of learning, so the quality and quantity of homework should be evaluated. Giving immediate feedback is the greatest way to keep track of students’' progress.
• Conduct of journal researches or case studies on some parts of the course enhance students' analyzation, scientific and reasoning skills.

The Final Grade

Percentage of Final Mark	Categories of Mark Breakdown
70%	Assessments of Learning Tasks Throughout the Term
30%	Final Written Examination And/Or RST

A student’s final grade is reflective of their most recent and most consistent level of achievement.

The balance of the weighting of the categories of the achievement chart throughout the course is:

BIOLOGY	Knowledge	Inquiry/Thinking	Communication	Application
100%	25%	25%	25%	25%

The Report Card

Student achievement will be communicated formally to students via an official report card. Report cards are issued at the midterm point in the course, as well as upon completion of the course. Each report card will focus on two distinct, but related aspects of student achievement.

First, the achievement of curriculum expectations is reported as a percentage grade. Additionally, the course median is reported as a percentage. The teacher will also provide written comments concerning the student's strengths, areas for improvement, and next steps. Second, the learning skills are reported as a Needs Improvement, Satisfactory, Good and Excellent. The report card also indicates whether an OSSD credit has been earned.

Upon completion of a course, Kanata Academy will send a copy of the report card back to the student's home school (if in Ontario) where the course will be added to the ongoing list of courses on the student's Ontario Student Transcript. The report card will also be sent to the student's home address.

PROGRAM PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR ONLINE COURSES

Cheating and Plagiarism

Kanata Academy commits to having policies for assessments that minimize the risk of cheating. We also commit to begin each course with refresher learning on academic integrity.

In the event of incidents of academic dishonesty, the student, Academic Director (and, in the case of students under 18, their parents) will be notified of the occurrence, of the consequence, and of the potential consequences of subsequent incidents.

Improper Citation

Grades 11 and 12

First Instance: A warning and an opportunity to redo the piece.

Subsequent Instance: An opportunity to redo the piece to a maximum grade of 75%.

Unaccredited Paraphrasing

Grade 11 and 12

First Instance: An opportunity to redo the piece to a maximum grade of 75%.

Subsequent Instance: An opportunity to redo the piece to a maximum grade of 50%.

Unaccredited Verbatim

Grade 11 and 12

First Instance: An opportunity to redo the piece to a maximum grade of 50%.

Subsequent Instance: A grade of zero. No opportunity to resubmit.

Full Plagiarism

Grade 11 and 12

First Instance: A grade of zero. No opportunity to resubmit.

Subsequent Instance: A grade zero. No opportunity to resubmit.

Instructional Approaches

Teachers will use a variety of instructional strategies to help students become independent, strategic and successful learners. The key to student success is effective, accessible instruction. When planning this course of instruction, the teacher will identify the main concept and skills of the course, consider the context in which students will apply their learning and determine the students’ learning goals. The instructional program for this course will be well planned and will support students in reaching their optimal level of challenge for learning, while directly teaching the skills that are required for success.

Understanding student strengths and needs will enable the teacher to plan effective instruction and meaningful assessments. Throughout this course the teacher will continually observe and assess the students’ readiness to learn, their interests, and their preferred learning styles and individual learning needs.

Teachers will use differentiated instructional approaches such as:

• adjusting the method or pace of instruction
• using a variety of resources
• allowing a wide choice of topics
• adjusting the learning environment
• scaffolding instruction

During this course, the teacher will provide multiple opportunities for students to apply their knowledge and skills and consolidate and reflect upon their learning.

Planning the Program for Students with Special Educational Needs

The teacher in this course is the key educator of students with special education needs. The teacher has a responsibility to help all students learn, and will work collaboratively with the guidance counselor, where appropriate, to achieve this goal. In planning this course, the teacher will pay particular attention to the following guidelines:

• All students have the ability to succeed
• Each student has his or her own unique patterns of learning
• Successful instructional practices are founded on evidence-based research, tempered by experience
• Universal design and differentiated instruction are effective and interconnected means of meeting the learning or productivity needs of any group of students
• Online teachers are the key educators for a student’s literacy and numeracy development
• Online teachers need the support of the larger school community to create a learning environment that supports students with special education needs
• Fairness is not sameness

The teacher will use the following strategies:

Students with Special Educational Needs

✔ Extra time on tests and extended deadlines for major assessments ✔ Complete tasks or present information in ways that cater to individual learning styles ✔ Variety of teaching and learning strategies ✔ Scaffolding ✔ Break down (chunk) assignments ✔ Computer for assessments and exams ✔ Formula sheets, memory aids ✔ oral and written instructions ✔ Cue cards during instruction and Assessments ✔ Graphic organizers

✔ Specific strategies to enhance recall ✔ Non-verbal cues and reminders to remain focused ✔ Oral testing ✔ Allow for sufficient response time ✔ Experiential learning experiences so that students can make connections between curriculum and real world examples ✔ Conferencing ✔ Prompting students through lessons and assessments ✔ Refocusing strategies ✔ Periodic breaks

Planning the Program for Students with English as a Second Language

In planning this course for students with linguistic backgrounds other than English, the teacher will create a safe, supportive, and welcoming environment that nurtures the students’ self-confidence while they are receiving course instruction. Most English language learners who have developed oral proficiency in everyday English will nevertheless require instructional scaffolding to meet curriculum expectations. The teacher will adapt the instructional program in order to facilitate the success of these students in their classes. Appropriate adaptations and strategies for this course will include:

Students with English as Second Language
✔ Body language and non-verbal communication ✔ Model expectations ✔ Subject-specific dictionary ✔ Cooperative learning ✔ Concrete examples and materials ✔ Avoid idioms ✔ Bilingual Dictionaries ✔ Buddy system ✔ Peer tutors ✔ Allow sufficient response time ✔ Graphic organizers ✔ Scaffolding ✔ Story maps	✔ Conferencing ✔ Pre-writing strategies ✔ Literature circle ✔ Journal ✔ Previewing course readings / texts ✔ Materials that reflect cultural diversity ✔ Free voluntary reading ✔ Guided Reading ✔ Guided Writing ✔ Think Aloud ✔ Whole-Class Response ✔ Editing checklist

Supporting First Nations, Métis and Inuit Students

Kanata Academy will promote active and engaged citizenship, which includes greater awareness of the distinct place and role of Indigenous (First Nation, Métis, and Inuit) peoples in our shared heritage and in the future in Ontario. Kanata Academy will:

• increase the focus in school strategic planning to promote the voluntary, confidential self-identification of First Nation, Métis, and Inuit students as a means to enhance the success and well-being of Aboriginal students and to help close the achievement gap
• continue to identify and share practices and resources to help improve First Nation, Métis, and Inuit student achievement and close the achievement gap
• increase the training in our schools to respond to the learning and cultural needs of First Nation, Métis, and Inuit students
• provide quality programs, services, and resources at our schools to support First Nation, Métis, and Inuit student
• provide quality programs, services, and resources at our schools who support First Nation, Métis, and Inuit students to help create learning opportunities that support improved academic achievement and identify building
• provide curriculum links that facilitates learning about contemporary and traditional First National, Métis, and Inuit cultures, histories, and perspectives among all students
• develop awareness among teachers of the learning styles of First Nation, Métis, and Inuit students and employ instructional methods designed to enhance the learning of all First Nation, Métis, and Inuit students
• implement targeted learning strategies for effective oral communication and mastery of reading and writing
• implement strategies for developing critical and creative thinking
• provide access to a variety of accurate and reliable Aboriginal resources such as periodicals, books, software, and resources in other media, including materials in the main Aboriginal languages in schools with First Nation, Métis, and Inuit students
• provide a supportive and safe environment for all First Nation, Métis, and Inuit students

The Role of Information and Communication Technology

ICT tools will be integrated into this course for whole-class instruction and for the design of curriculum units that contain varied approaches to learning in order to meet diverse needs and interests of the students in this class. At the beginning of this class, all students will be made aware of issues related to Internet privacy, safety, and responsible use, as well as of the potential for abuse of this technology, particularly when it is used to promote hatred. ICT used in this course will include:

Information and Communication Technology
Websites Online libraries Archives Public records YouTube Curriculum Digital Resources Widgets Online Graphing Calculator	Cell phones iPads DVDs Digital Camera Edsby G Suite Office 365 Gizmos Labster Gradeslam Mathspace Mathletics Screencastify

Environmental Education Connections

Although there are no specific environmental connections in this course, teachers will develop an environmental understanding fostered through the learning context (e.g., problems and examples related to environmental issues such as climate change, habitat destruction, population growth, energy conservation, and waste management).
Students will be encouraged to explore a range of environmental concerns using issue-based analysis and some of the following strategies:

• Community Connections
• Simulation
• Problem Solving
• Cooperative Learning

Healthy Relationships in the learning Environment

At Kanata Academy , every student is entitled to learn in a safe, respectful and caring environment, free from violence and harassment. The teacher will create a safe and supportive environment in the class by cultivating positive relationships between students and between the teacher and their students. The teacher will use the following strategies:

• Using inclusive language during instruction
• Developing a learning environment where all students feel safe
• Promotion of diversity and inclusivity in the classroom
• Getting students involved within their school community
• Making community connections
• Peer Reflection
• Group discussions

Equity and Inclusive Education in the Learning Environment

At Kanata Academy we embrace multiculturalism, human rights and diversity as fundamental values. Bullying, hate propaganda and cyber bullying, racism, religious intolerance, homophobia and gender-based violence are still evident in our communities and, unfortunately, in our schools. At Kanata Academy we address the needs of a rapidly changing and increasingly complex society by ensuring that our policies evolve with changing societal needs.

Kanata Academy will:

• create and support a positive safe online learning climate that fosters and promotes equity, inclusive education, diversity
• develop and implement an equity and inclusive education policy
• will share effective practices and resources and promote and participate in collaborative learning opportunities
• seek out community partners to support school efforts by providing resources and professional learning opportunities

Ethics in the Learning Environment

At Kanata Academy teachers provide varied opportunities for students to learn about ethical issues and to explore the role of ethics in decision making.

The following strategies will be used to develop students’ understanding of ethics:

• Making community connections
• Model ethical behavior
• Inclusive practice
• Foster positive relationships with others

Financial Literacy Connections

There is a growing recognition that the education system has a vital role to play in preparing young people to take their place as informed, engaged, and knowledgeable citizens in the global economy.
Because making informed decisions about economic and financial matters has become an increasingly complex undertaking in the modern world, where appropriate, the teacher will give students the opportunity to build knowledge and skills.

Strategies that will be used will include:

• Community connections
• Simulation
• Problem Solving
• Inquiry-based learning
• Cross-curricular connections
• Critical literacy skills
• Setting financial goals
• Developing intra-personal skills

Literacy, Mathematical Literacy, and Inquiry Skills

At Kanata Academy it is the responsibility of all of our teachers to explicitly teach literacy and inquiry skills. The following skills will be developed in each course delivered at Kanata Academy :

• Extract information
• Analyze various types of digital representations, including graphs, charts, diagrams, etc.
• Use appropriate and correct terminology, including that related to the concepts of disciplinary thinking
• Making community connections
• Peer reflecting
• Simulation
• Problem solving
• Cross-curricular connections
• Foster use of proper terminology
• Inquiry and research skills
• Helps students to develop a language for literacy, inquiry and numeracy skills
• Assist students with developing communication skills in areas of literacy, inquiry and numeracy

Cooperative Education

Cooperative education programs allow students to earn secondary school credits while completing a work placement in the community. These programs compliment students’ academic programs and are valuable for all students, whatever their post-secondary destination.
Cooperative education courses may be earned using this course as one of the related courses.

Experiential Learning

Central to the philosophy at Kanata Academy is the focus on experiential learning. Planned learning experiences in the community, including job shadowing, field trips, and hands-on experiences will provide our students with opportunities to see the relevance of their classroom learning in a work setting, make connections between school and work, and explore a career of interest as they plan their pathways through secondary school and make postsecondary plans.

Health and Safety in the Learning Environment

As part of every course, students must be made aware that health and safety in their learning environment are the responsibility of all participants - at home, at school, and in the workplace. Teachers will model safe practices at all times when communicating with students online.

The Role of the School Library

Although Kanata Academy does not have an official school library, students are encouraged to use e-books, local libraries, GALE resource archives and Curriculum Video Digital resources to develop important research and inquiry skills.

Promotion of Careers

The knowledge and skills students acquire in this course will be useful in helping students recognize the value of their education and applications to the world outside of school and identify possible careers, essential skills and work habits required to succeed. Students will learn how to connect their learning in asking questions and finding answers to employable skills.
During this course the teacher will:

• ensure that all students develop the knowledge and skills they need to make informed education and career/life choices;
• Provide learning environment and online school-wide opportunities for this learning; and;
• Engage parents and the broader community in the development, implementation, and evaluation of the program, to support students in their learning
• Use the four-step inquiry process linked to the four areas of learning

Knowing yourself - Who am I ?

Exploring opportunities - What are my opportunities?

Making decisions and setting goals - Who do I want to become?

Achieving goals and making transitions - What is my plan for achieving my goals?

The teacher will support students in this course in education and career/life planning by providing them with learning opportunities, filtered through the lens of the four inquiry questions, that allow them to apply subject-specific knowledge and skills to work-related situations; explore subject-related education and career/life options; and become competent, self-directed planners.